⠂⠃ ⠂⠃⠻ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽ ⠙⠻⠩ ⠲ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠍⠄ ⠞⠈⠞⠅⠱⠇⠻⠝ ⠈⠏⠗⠮⠱⠝⠍⠊⠈⠞⠗⠻ ⠉⠈⠝⠈⠙⠗⠩⠍⠩⠄⠗ ⠚.⠧.⠗⠱. (१९०१–१९२९, ⠈⠏⠗⠮⠱⠝⠍⠊⠈⠞⠗⠻⠈⠞⠧ ⠅⠱⠇) ⠚⠨⠝ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠍⠄ ⠗⠱⠼⠱⠩⠱⠎⠝ ⠧⠻⠗⠂⠈⠙⠮ ⠎⠂⠛⠃⠂⠛⠱⠓⠾ ⠙⠄⠨⠇⠝⠻ ⠂ ⠉⠇⠗⠱⠝⠂⠅⠻ ⠗⠱⠼⠱ ⠧⠻⠗⠇⠮⠻ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝⠅ ⠃⠱⠞ ⠍⠓⠩⠃⠎ ⠅⠳⠇⠝⠻ ⠞⠊ १९१३ ⠊. ⠍⠄ ‘⠛⠇⠗⠨⠱ ⠘⠱⠯⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠻⠝⠻ ⠎⠍⠻⠞⠻’ ⠝⠱⠍⠅ ⠎⠊⠈⠎⠹⠱⠅ ⠛⠺⠝ ⠅⠳⠇⠝⠻ ⠲ ⠖⠗⠍⠱⠝ ⠚⠱⠗⠻ ⠅⠳⠇⠝⠻–⠅⠇⠝⠇ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽ ⠧⠱ ⠗⠉⠝⠱ ⠳⠓⠻ ⠎⠍⠻⠞⠻⠅ ⠈⠎⠧⠻⠅⠍⠞⠻ ⠧⠻⠝⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠻⠞ ⠝⠓⠻ ⠓⠽⠞ ⠲ ⠳⠓⠻ ⠞⠗⠓⠄⠊ ⠗⠱⠼⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠮⠱⠝⠍⠊⠈⠞⠗⠻ ⠚⠄ ⠐⠗⠏⠝ ⠛⠈⠙⠽⠻ ⠃⠉⠳⠃⠱⠇⠄⠇ ⠎⠍⠻⠞⠻ ⠃⠝⠱ ⠝⠻⠽⠍ ⠉⠇⠉⠇⠝⠻ ⠌ ⠂⠜⠮⠗⠻ ⠏⠗⠻⠧⠈⠗⠞⠻⠞ ⠗⠂⠏⠍⠄ ⠐⠗⠈⠗⠹⠱⠈⠞ ⠏⠓⠻⠝⠄ ⠛⠈⠙⠽⠻ ⠃⠉⠳⠃⠱ ⠇⠄⠇ ⠂⠃ ⠍⠱⠈⠞⠗ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻ ⠘⠱⠯⠱ ⠃⠉⠳⠃⠱ ⠇⠄⠇ ⠞⠄⠓⠝⠄ ⠚⠱⠇⠎⠘ ⠧⠻⠝⠇ ⠛⠄⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠌ ⠉⠱⠓⠄ ⠞⠈⠞⠅⠱⠇⠻⠝ ⠗⠱⠚⠱ ⠍⠓⠄⠈⠝⠈⠙⠗⠅ ⠅⠍⠏⠱⠎⠊ ⠛⠺⠝ ⠘⠄⠇ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇ ⠈⠏⠗⠈⠚⠒⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠞⠻⠈⠯⠺⠱⠝ ⠓⠇⠳ ⠂ ⠐⠗⠹⠧⠱ २०२१ ⠎⠱⠇⠍⠄ ⠛⠺⠝ ⠘⠄⠇ ⠎⠱⠴⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝ ⠓⠇⠐⠗⠳ ⠲
⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠅ ⠚⠝⠎⠊⠈⠨⠽⠱ ⠐⠗⠝⠂⠎⠱⠗ ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻ ⠘⠱⠯⠻⠅ ⠎⠊⠈⠨⠽⠱ १३ ⠈⠏⠗⠞⠻⠩⠞ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ २०५८ ⠎⠱⠇⠅ ⠞⠈⠹⠽⠱⠊⠅ ⠐⠗⠝⠂⠎⠱⠗ ⠲ ⠙⠇⠎⠗ ⠘⠱⠯⠱ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻⠅ ⠃⠱⠙ ⠲ ⠍⠂⠙⠱ ⠎⠗⠅⠱⠗⠻ ⠎⠊⠗⠈⠅⠯⠼ ⠧⠻⠓⠻⠝ ⠐⠗⠧⠈⠎⠹⠱ ⠡⠅⠅ ⠲ ⠞⠓⠻⠝⠱ ⠘⠇⠚⠏⠂⠗⠻, ⠐⠗⠃⠮⠻, ⠹⠱⠗⠂ ⠂⠙⠻ ⠘⠱⠯⠱ ⠡⠅⠅, ⠚⠅⠗⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠱⠗⠊⠘ ⠎⠊ ⠔⠏⠄⠈⠅⠯⠱⠅ ⠩⠻⠅⠱⠗ ⠓⠇⠃’ ⠏⠫⠇ ⠡⠅⠅ ⠲ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽⠅ ⠗⠈⠅⠯⠱⠍⠄ ⠇⠱⠛⠇ ⠈⠏⠗⠞⠻⠈⠯⠺⠱⠝ ⠎⠘ ⠍⠄ ⠎⠍⠄⠞ ⠊ ⠐⠗⠧⠈⠎⠹⠱ ⠩⠱⠓⠻⠅⠱⠇ ⠎⠊ ⠳⠨⠝ ⠮⠗⠻ ⠡⠅⠅ ⠚⠄ ⠙⠂⠨⠙ ⠍⠱⠝⠇ ⠚⠳⠃⠱⠅ ⠉⠱⠓⠻ ⠲ ⠍⠮⠄⠩⠻ ⠎⠄⠓⠇ ⠎⠊⠉⠱⠗⠍⠊⠈⠞⠗⠻ ⠘⠄⠇ ⠡⠹⠻, ⠍⠂⠙⠱ ⠅⠻ ⠅⠳⠇⠝⠻ !
⠩⠂⠗⠂⠍⠄ ⠓⠍ ⠎⠊⠉⠱⠗⠈⠅⠯⠄⠈⠞⠗⠅ ⠃⠱⠞ ⠅⠳⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠎⠗⠅⠱⠗⠻ ⠎⠊⠉⠱⠗ ⠈⠅⠯⠄⠈⠞⠗⠅ ⠛⠇⠗⠨⠱⠏⠱⠈⠞⠗, ⠗⠄⠫⠻⠽⠇ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇, ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇ ⠾⠄⠇⠻⠘⠻⠚⠝ ⠂⠙⠻⠍⠄ ⠝⠻⠽⠍⠻⠞ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽⠻⠅ ⠈⠏⠅⠱⠩⠝ ⠧ ⠈⠏⠗⠎⠱⠗⠼ ⠓⠇⠜⠞ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠅⠞⠄⠅ ⠈⠎⠹⠱⠝ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻ ⠜⠞⠗ ⠘⠱⠯⠱, ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽⠅ ⠡⠅⠅ ⠲ ⠛⠇⠗⠨⠱⠏⠈⠞⠗ ⠳⠈⠍⠓⠗ ‘⠝⠽⠱⠊ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇’ ⠏⠗⠻⠩⠻⠈⠯⠾⠍⠄ ⠙⠄⠩⠅ ⠧⠻⠘⠻⠈⠝⠝ ⠘⠱⠯⠱⠅ ⠏⠍⠈⠎⠾ ⠙⠄⠃’ ⠇⠱⠛⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠝⠻⠅ ⠈⠏⠗⠽⠱⠎ ⠹⠻⠅ ⠲ ⠍⠂⠙⠱ ⠙⠃ ⠏⠍⠈⠎⠾ ⠎⠊ ⠳⠅ ⠅’ ⠙⠄⠇ ⠘⠱⠯⠱⠅ ⠌ ⠏⠍⠈⠎⠾ ⠘⠱⠯⠱⠅ ⠧⠻⠩⠻⠈⠯⠾⠞⠱⠅ ⠂⠮⠱⠗ ⠏⠗ ⠝⠓⠻ ⠎⠍⠱⠧⠄⠩⠻⠅ ⠝⠱⠍⠏⠗ ⠓⠅ ⠐⠗⠮⠻⠅⠱⠗⠅⠄⠊ ⠅⠾⠉⠞⠻ ⠅’⠅’ ⠙⠄⠇ ⠚⠱ ⠗⠓⠇⠅⠅ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠂⠝⠇ ⠏⠍⠈⠎⠾⠏⠗ ⠡⠱⠏⠃⠇⠱ ⠗⠉⠝⠱ ⠎⠘⠍⠄ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻ ⠘⠱⠯⠱⠅ ⠇⠄⠨⠅⠅ ⠐⠗⠞⠻⠗⠻⠈⠅⠞ ⠂⠝ ⠘⠱⠯⠱–⠘⠱⠯⠻ ⠇⠄⠨⠅ ⠅⠻⠊⠧⠱ ⠔⠈⠅⠞ ⠘⠱⠯⠱⠅ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽ ⠎⠈⠍⠧⠈⠝⠮⠻ ⠂⠇⠄⠨ ⠡⠱⠏⠃⠱⠍⠄ ⠏⠗⠓⠄⠚ ⠅⠳⠇ ⠚⠱⠜⠞ ⠗⠓⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠛⠇⠗⠨⠱⠏⠈⠞⠗⠅ ⠩⠝⠻⠧⠱⠗⠻⠽ ⠏⠗⠻⠩⠻⠈⠎⠾⠱⠊⠅ ⠂ ⠍⠮⠂⠏⠈⠗⠅ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽⠻⠅ ⠗⠉⠝⠱⠅ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠚⠊ ⠝⠻⠽⠍⠻⠞ ⠏⠱⠺⠅ ⠡⠻ ⠞⠊ ⠍⠓⠻⠝⠉⠊⠅ ⠧⠱⠙ ⠅⠻⠡⠂ ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇ ⠅⠻⠊⠧⠱ ⠍⠮⠄⠩⠻ ⠇⠄⠨⠅⠅ ⠗⠉⠝⠱ ⠐⠗⠞⠻ ⠔⠏⠄⠈⠅⠯⠻⠞ ⠗⠂⠏⠄⠊ ⠅⠇⠝⠇ ⠅⠇⠝⠍⠄ ⠐⠗⠘⠗⠞ ⠲ ⠧⠎, ⠞⠅⠗⠱ ⠃⠱⠙ ⠔⠳⠓ ⠙⠄⠨⠇⠄–⠏⠿⠇⠄ ⠝⠱⠍ ⠂ ⠘⠱⠯⠱–⠗⠉⠝⠱ ⠎⠘ ⠲ ⠅⠞⠃⠇ ⠎⠍⠱⠧⠄⠩⠻⠅ ⠃⠱⠞ ⠅⠄⠌ ⠅’ ⠇⠻⠐⠗⠳–⠍⠚⠱⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠳⠓⠻ ⠏⠈⠞⠗⠻⠅⠱ ⠎⠘⠍⠄ ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻, ⠘⠇⠚⠏⠂⠗⠻, ⠐⠗⠃⠮⠻, ⠹⠱⠗⠂ ⠘⠱⠯⠱ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽⠅ ⠗⠉⠝⠱ ⠧ ⠧⠻⠅⠱⠎ ⠽⠱⠈⠞⠗⠱ ⠎⠈⠍⠧⠈⠝⠮⠻ ⠂⠇⠄⠨ ⠡⠱⠏⠱⠇⠄⠃ ⠲ ⠅⠓⠻⠽⠇ ⠅⠱⠇ ‘⠘⠝⠎⠂⠝’ ⠅⠳⠇⠱ ⠏⠗ ⠘⠇⠄ ⠐⠗⠏⠧⠱⠙⠍⠄ ⠙⠄⠨⠻ ⠏⠫⠳ ⠲
⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇ ⠈⠏⠗⠈⠚⠒⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠞⠻⠈⠯⠺⠱⠝⠅ ⠛⠏ ⠞ ⠂⠗ ⠝⠻⠗⠱⠇⠱ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻ ⠘⠱⠯⠱ ⠧⠱⠓⠄⠅ ⠂⠝ ⠘⠱⠯⠱⠍⠄ ⠅⠱⠚ ⠝⠓⠻ ⠅⠗⠃⠱⠅ ⠚⠄⠝⠱ ⠎⠈⠏⠏⠞ ⠨⠳⠝⠄ ⠓⠇⠳ ⠳⠅⠗ ⠏⠙⠱⠮⠻⠅⠱⠗⠻ ⠇⠇⠅⠝⠻ ⠲ ⠳⠅⠞⠊ ⠳⠓⠻⠍⠄ ⠏⠓⠻⠝⠄ ⠞⠻⠎⠾⠱⠍⠄ ⠳⠅ ⠍⠮⠄⠩⠻ ⠎⠙⠈⠎⠽ ⠂ ⠔⠳⠓ ⠅⠱⠈⠗⠽⠎⠍⠻⠞⠻ ⠐⠗⠈⠗⠹⠱⠈⠞ ⠏⠗⠻⠯⠈⠙⠍⠄ ⠗⠱⠨⠇ ⠚⠱⠜⠞ ⠡⠇⠱⠓ ⠲ ⠎⠄ ⠘⠱⠯⠱, ⠎⠊⠈⠎⠅⠍⠞⠻, ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽ ⠂⠙⠻ ⠧⠻⠮⠱⠅ ⠐⠗⠈⠝⠞⠗⠛⠞ ⠲ ⠞⠱⠓⠻ ⠍⠓⠅ ⠅⠻⠡⠂ ⠏⠱⠜ ⠅⠃⠱⠗⠻ ⠳⠅ ⠂⠮⠾⠱ ⠏⠂⠈⠎⠞⠅ ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻⠽⠇⠍⠄ ⠃⠓⠱⠗ ⠘’ ⠛⠄⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠞⠊ ⠊ ⠍⠓⠱⠝ ⠅⠍⠏⠱ ⠘⠄⠇ ⠡⠅⠅ ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻ ⠏⠗ ⠲ ⠳⠅⠗⠱⠇⠄⠇ ⠅⠇⠝⠱ ⠧⠻⠘⠱⠛ ⠡⠂⠾⠻⠂⠌⠇ ⠝⠓⠻ ⠛⠄⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠓⠱⠇⠄⠍⠄ ⠛⠺⠻⠞ ⠂ ⠘⠊⠛⠺⠻⠞ ⠈⠏⠗⠈⠚⠒⠱–⠈⠏⠗⠞⠻⠈⠯⠺⠱⠝⠎⠊ ⠏⠃⠈⠗⠧⠅ ⠛⠺⠝⠍⠄ ⠳⠅⠍⠱⠈⠞⠗ ⠍⠮⠄⠩⠻ ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽⠅⠱⠗ ⠐⠗⠧⠎⠗ ⠏⠃⠻⠞⠇ ⠏⠗⠻⠯⠈⠙⠍⠄ ⠗⠱⠨⠇ ⠝⠓⠻ ⠛⠄⠇⠱⠓ ⠲ ⠞⠹⠱⠏⠻ ⠈⠏⠗⠈⠚⠒⠱⠈⠏⠗⠞⠻⠈⠯⠺⠱⠝⠅ ⠜⠞⠻⠓⠱⠎⠍⠄ ⠏⠓⠻⠇ ⠃⠄⠗ ‘⠂⠊⠛⠝’ ⠛⠞⠛⠗ ⠏⠈⠞⠗⠻⠅⠱ ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻⠍⠄ ⠝⠻⠅⠇⠇ ⠲ ⠅⠻⠡⠂ ⠅⠱⠚ ⠂⠛⠱⠊ ⠃⠿⠇ ⠗⠓⠽, ⠏⠗⠻⠯⠈⠙ ⠘⠊⠛ ⠂ ⠙⠻⠈⠗⠣⠐⠗⠈⠝⠞⠗⠱⠇⠅ ⠃⠱⠙ ⠚⠊ ⠛⠺⠝⠇ ⠘⠄⠇ ⠞⠊ ⠳⠓⠝ ⠚⠄ ⠩⠏⠹⠈⠛⠗⠓⠼ ⠇⠄⠧⠱⠎⠊ ⠏⠃⠈⠗⠧⠄ ⠞⠓⠎–⠝⠓⠎ ⠘’ ⠛⠄⠇ ⠲ ⠐⠗⠙⠱⠇⠞ ⠂ ⠚⠝⠞⠱ ⠙⠂⠝⠃ ⠈⠙⠧⠱⠗⠱ ⠧⠓⠻⠈⠯⠅⠍⠞ ⠘’ ⠅’ ⠗⠓⠻ ⠛⠄⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠞⠳“ ⠳⠅⠗⠱ ⠎⠊ ⠝⠄ ⠏⠓⠻⠝⠄ ⠂⠩⠱ ⠡⠇, ⠂ ⠝⠄ ⠂⠃ ⠅⠗⠻ ⠎⠄ ⠞⠅⠗ ⠧⠱⠞⠱⠧⠗⠼ ⠃⠝⠅⠞ ⠙⠄⠨⠇ ⠚⠱ ⠗⠓⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠅⠇⠝⠱ ⠫⠱. ⠽⠇⠛⠄⠈⠝⠈⠙⠗ ⠈⠏⠗. ⠽⠱⠙⠧ ⠚⠓⠻⠽⠱ ⠳⠅⠗ ⠎⠙⠈⠎⠽ ⠗⠓⠹⠻ ⠞⠓⠻⠽⠱⠎⠊ ‘⠎⠽⠏⠈⠞⠗⠻’ ⠏⠈⠞⠗⠻⠅⠱⠅ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝ ⠩⠂⠗⠂ ⠘⠄⠇ ⠗⠓⠽ ⠚⠄ ⠧⠱⠈⠎⠞⠧⠻⠅ ⠗⠂⠏⠍⠄ ⠎⠍⠱⠧⠄⠩⠻ ⠈⠎⠧⠗⠂⠏ ⠗⠓⠅⠅ ⠲
⠂⠃ ⠎⠱⠴⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝⠅ ⠛⠏ ⠅⠗⠻ ⠲ ⠏⠓⠻⠝⠄ ⠉⠈⠗⠉ ⠘’ ⠂⠳⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠗⠱⠼⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠮⠱⠝ ⠍⠊⠈⠞⠗⠻ ⠐⠗⠏⠝⠱ ⠧⠻⠗⠂⠈⠙⠮⠅ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽⠅⠄⠊ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝⠎⠊ ⠗⠇⠅⠃⠱⠅ ⠓⠄⠞⠂ १९१३ ⠊. ⠍⠄ ⠚⠄ ⠛⠇⠗⠨⠱ ⠘⠱⠯⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠻⠝⠻ ⠎⠍⠻⠞⠻ (⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠅⠄ ⠎⠍⠻⠈⠅⠯⠱⠈⠞⠍⠅ ⠜⠞⠻⠓⠱⠎–⠫⠱. ⠈⠩⠗⠻ ⠗⠱⠍⠈⠏⠗⠎⠱⠙ ⠔⠏⠱⠈⠮⠽⠱⠽, (२०५५), ⠏⠍–३१७ ⠎⠱⠴⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝)⠅ ⠛⠺⠝ ⠘⠄⠇ ⠔⠳⠓ ⠎⠍⠻⠞⠻ ⠞⠈⠞⠅⠱⠇⠻⠝ ⠗⠱⠼⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠮⠱⠝⠍⠊⠈⠞⠗⠻ ⠚⠂⠈⠙⠮⠩⠍⠩⠄⠗ ⠈⠙⠧⠱⠗⠱ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻ ⠘⠱⠯⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝ ⠎⠍⠻⠞⠻ (⠧⠻.⠎. १९९०)⠅ ⠗⠂⠏⠍⠄ ⠏⠗⠻⠼⠞ ⠅’ ⠙⠄⠇ ⠛⠄⠇ ⠞⠅⠗⠄ ⠔⠈⠞⠞⠗⠱⠮⠻⠅⠱⠗⠻⠅ ⠗⠂⠏⠍⠄ २०२१ ⠎⠱⠇ ⠐⠗⠛⠓⠝ १७ ⠛⠞⠄ ⠎⠱⠴⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝⠅ ⠈⠎⠹⠱⠏⠝⠱ ⠘⠄⠇ ⠲ ⠳⠅⠗⠇ ⠎⠊⠉⠱⠇⠅ ⠇⠇⠅⠝⠻ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻ ⠧⠱⠓⠄⠅ ⠂⠝ ⠘⠱⠯⠱⠍⠄ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝ ⠅⠗⠃ ⠎⠇⠉⠝⠄ ⠝⠄ ⠡⠇⠱⠓ ⠂ ⠎⠱⠴⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝ ⠧⠻⠛⠞ ४५ ⠧⠈⠗⠯⠎⠊ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽⠅ ⠘⠈⠼⠫⠱⠗⠅⠄⠊ ⠧⠻⠝⠱ ⠅⠇⠝⠇ ⠎⠗⠅⠱⠗⠻ ⠐⠗⠝⠂⠙⠱⠝, ⠐⠗⠏⠝⠄⠎⠊ ⠅⠍⠱ ⠅’ ⠐⠗⠹⠧⠱ ⠣⠱⠾⠱ ⠎⠓⠻ ⠅ ⠘⠗⠅⠞ ⠗⠓⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠚⠊ ⠅⠻ ⠳⠓⠻ ⠎⠊⠈⠎⠹⠱⠍⠄ ⠎⠗⠅⠱⠗⠅ ⠇⠛⠱⠝⠻ ६० ⠈⠏⠗⠞⠻⠩⠞ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠞⠳“ ⠳⠅⠗ ⠐⠗⠈⠮⠽⠈⠅⠯ ⠇⠛⠱⠽⠞ ⠞⠻⠝ ⠎⠊⠉⠱⠇⠅ ⠎⠗⠅⠱⠗ ⠙⠻⠩⠎⠊ ⠍⠝⠇⠝⠻⠞ ⠓⠇⠜⠞ ⠗⠓⠇⠱⠓ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠍⠂⠙⠱ ⠅⠄⠌ ⠳⠅⠗⠱ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻ ⠘⠱⠯⠱ ⠎⠊ ⠂⠛⠱⠊ ⠇⠱⠃⠻ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻ ⠚⠝⠞⠱⠅ ⠅⠗⠅ ⠐⠗⠊⠩⠎⠊ ⠉⠇⠅⠞ ⠳⠓⠻ ⠎⠊⠈⠎⠹⠱⠅⠄⠊ ⠎⠍⠱⠧⠄⠩⠻ ⠝⠓⠻ ⠃⠝⠱ ⠎⠅⠇ ⠲ ⠎⠓⠅⠱⠗⠻⠅ ⠅⠱⠗⠼⠄⠊ ⠊ ⠅⠍⠯⠻ ⠍⠊⠈⠞⠗⠱⠇⠽ ⠐⠗⠈⠝⠞⠗⠛⠞ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠂ ⠳⠓⠻⠎⠊ ⠏⠃⠈⠗⠧⠇ ⠧⠓⠂⠞⠇ ⠍⠮⠄⠩⠻ ⠅⠍⠯⠻ ⠍⠊⠈⠞⠗⠻ ⠓⠇⠜⠞ ⠗⠓⠇⠱⠅ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠍⠂⠙⠱ ⠂⠽, ⠇⠱⠘ ⠩⠃⠈⠝⠽ ⠎⠱⠴⠱ ⠐⠗⠈⠮⠽⠈⠅⠯⠅ ⠏⠙ ⠏⠗ ⠮⠗⠻ ⠅⠇⠝⠇ ⠍⠮⠄⠩⠻⠅⠄⠊ ⠇⠳⠃⠱⠅ ⠚⠗⠂⠗⠞⠻ ⠍⠓⠩⠃⠎ ⠝⠓⠻ ⠅⠳⠇ ⠛⠄⠇ ⠲ ४५ ⠧⠈⠗⠯⠅ ⠃⠱⠙ ⠳⠓⠻⠃⠄⠗ ⠏⠓⠻⠇ ⠍⠮⠄⠩⠻ ⠳⠅⠗ ⠐⠗⠈⠮⠽⠈⠅⠯ ⠏⠙⠏⠗ ⠂⠳⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠎⠱⠴⠱⠅ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻ ⠘⠱⠯⠱ ⠍⠂⠨⠻ ⠎⠈⠍⠏⠃⠈⠗⠼ ⠈⠅⠗⠻⠽⠱⠅⠇⠱⠏⠅⠄⠊ ⠎⠍⠱⠧⠄⠩⠻ ⠃⠝⠳⠃⠱⠅ ⠈⠏⠗⠽⠱⠎ ⠚⠱⠗⠻ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠅⠻⠡⠂ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝⠅ ⠞⠅⠽⠱⠗⠻ ⠉⠇⠻ ⠗⠓⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻ ⠈⠧⠽⠱⠅⠗⠼, ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻ ⠧⠱⠇⠅⠹⠱, ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻ ⠅⠹⠱ ⠎⠊⠈⠛⠗⠓ ⠂⠙⠻⠅ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝ ⠈⠏⠗⠛⠞⠻ ⠏⠗ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠞⠊ ⠍⠓⠱⠅⠧⠻ ⠧⠻⠈⠙⠽⠱⠏⠞⠻⠅ ⠉⠻⠈⠞⠗ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠻⠞ ⠘’ ⠉⠂⠅⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠘⠇⠚⠏⠂⠗⠻, ⠐⠗⠧⠮⠻, ⠹⠱⠗⠂, ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇ ⠘⠱⠯⠱, ⠞⠍⠱⠬ ⠂⠙⠻ ⠘⠱⠯⠱⠍⠄ ⠅⠱⠚ ⠅⠗⠃⠱⠅ ⠛⠍⠓⠅⠱⠈⠗⠽ ⠉⠇⠻ ⠗⠓⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠍⠂⠙⠱ ⠊ ⠎⠘ ⠅⠱⠚ ⠝⠛⠈⠼⠽ ⠈⠎⠞⠏⠗⠏⠗ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ – ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻ ⠘⠱⠯⠱⠅ ⠅⠱⠚⠅ ⠂⠛⠱⠊ ⠌⠈⠞⠞ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻ ⠍⠱⠝⠎⠻⠅⠞⠱⠎⠊ ⠔⠃⠗⠻ ⠎⠅⠃⠱⠍⠄ ⠚⠄ ⠅⠺⠻⠝⠱⠜ ⠇⠛⠃⠱⠅ ⠉⠱⠓⠻, ⠇⠱⠛⠻ ⠗⠓⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠞⠹⠱⠏⠻ ⠅⠻⠡⠂ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽⠻⠅ ⠎⠊⠉⠱⠇⠅ ⠇⠇⠅⠝⠻ ⠎⠍⠱⠧⠄⠩⠻⠅ ⠧⠈⠗⠞⠍⠱⠝ ⠗⠂⠏⠱⠈⠝⠞⠗⠼ ⠍⠄ ⠎⠱⠴⠱⠅⠄⠊ ⠍⠱⠈⠞⠗ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻⠅ ⠣⠄⠗⠱⠍⠄ ⠗⠱⠨⠃ ⠔⠉⠻⠞ ⠝⠓⠻, ⠅⠓⠻ ⠔⠙⠱⠗⠞⠱ ⠙⠄⠨⠱ ⠗⠓⠇⠱⠓ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠏⠗⠻⠼⠱⠍ ⠙⠃⠗ ⠞⠊ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠍⠂⠙⠱ ⠏⠓⠂⠊⠉⠎⠊ ⠞⠞⠄⠅ ⠙⠂⠗⠇ ⠝⠓⠻ ⠲
⠎⠱⠴⠱⠅ ⠏⠈⠞⠗⠻⠅⠱ ‘⠛⠗⠻⠍⠱’ ⠳⠨⠝ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠎⠊, ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠻⠞ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽⠅ ⠏⠈⠞⠗⠻⠅⠱⠍⠄ ⠐⠗⠈⠛⠗⠼⠻ ⠗⠨⠅⠞ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠌⠅⠗⠇ ⠎⠍⠱⠧⠄⠩⠻ ⠈⠎⠧⠗⠂⠏⠍⠄ ⠇⠱⠌⠇ ⠚⠱ ⠗⠓⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠇⠄⠨⠅⠻⠽ ⠣⠄⠗⠱⠅⠄⠊ ⠞⠇⠫⠅⠞ ⠍⠮⠄⠩⠅ ⠇⠄⠨⠅ ⠇⠇⠅⠝⠻ ⠈⠙⠧⠱⠗⠱ ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻, ⠘⠇⠚⠏⠂⠗⠻, ⠐⠗⠧⠮⠻, ⠹⠱⠗⠂ ⠂⠙⠻ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽ ⠎⠈⠍⠧⠈⠝⠮⠻ ⠂⠇⠄⠨ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝ ⠈⠏⠗⠱⠗⠊⠘ ⠘’ ⠉⠂⠅⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻, ⠂⠓⠧⠱⠝ ⠅⠳⠇ ⠚⠱ ⠗⠓⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲
⠳⠅⠗ ⠐⠗⠞⠻⠗⠻⠈⠅⠞ ⠝⠻⠚⠻ ⠈⠅⠯⠄⠈⠞⠗⠅ ⠏⠈⠞⠗–⠏⠈⠞⠗⠻⠅⠱⠍⠄ ⠎⠍⠱⠧⠄⠩⠻ ⠗⠉⠝⠱ ⠎⠘⠅ ⠔⠏⠈⠎⠹⠱⠏⠝ ⠅⠍⠚⠇⠗ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠗⠉⠝⠱’, ‘⠐⠗⠘⠻⠈⠧⠽⠈⠅⠞⠻’, ⠩⠱⠗⠙⠱’ ‘⠍⠻⠈⠗⠍⠻⠗⠄,’ ‘⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇’ ⠇⠛⠱⠽⠞⠅ ⠏⠈⠞⠗–⠏⠈⠞⠗⠻⠅⠱ ⠎⠘⠍⠄ ⠝⠻⠽⠍⠻⠞ ⠗⠂⠏⠍⠄ ⠘⠱⠯⠱⠈⠝⠞⠗⠅ ⠗⠉⠝⠱, ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽⠅ ⠎⠍⠻⠈⠅⠯⠱ ⠎⠍⠱⠇⠇⠉⠝⠱, ⠐⠗⠝⠂⠧⠱⠙, ⠍⠉⠇⠻⠅ ⠂⠙⠻ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠻⠞ ⠓⠇⠜⠞ ⠗⠓⠃⠱⠅ ⠉⠱⠓⠻ ⠲ ⠳⠓⠻ ⠎⠈⠍⠧⠈⠝⠮⠍⠄ ⠔⠈⠅⠞ ⠏⠈⠞⠗–⠏⠈⠞⠗⠻⠅⠱ ⠈⠙⠧⠱⠗⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠽⠱⠎ ⠅⠳⠇ ⠛⠄⠇ ⠓⠇ ⠎⠄ ⠓⠍⠗⠱ ⠈⠚⠒⠱⠞ ⠝⠓⠻ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲
⠳⠓⠻ ⠞⠗⠓⠄⠊ ⠙⠄⠨⠇⠱⠏⠗ ⠈⠎⠏⠈⠯⠾ ⠗⠂⠏⠄⠊ ⠙⠄⠨⠻ ⠏⠫⠅⠡ ⠚⠄ ⠗⠱⠚⠝⠻⠞⠻⠳ ⠚⠅⠱⠊ ⠘⠱⠯⠱, ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽ ⠅⠻⠊⠧⠱ ⠎⠊⠉⠱⠗⠅ ⠈⠅⠯⠄⠈⠞⠗⠍⠄ ⠍⠮⠄⠩⠻ ⠔⠏⠄⠈⠅⠯⠻⠞ ⠗⠓⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠌ ⠗⠱⠈⠚⠽ ⠈⠙⠧⠱⠗⠱ ⠞⠊ ⠎⠘⠎⠊ ⠃⠄⠎⠻ ⠐⠗⠡⠻⠳, ⠝⠻⠚⠻ ⠈⠅⠯⠄⠈⠞⠗ ⠈⠙⠧⠱⠗⠱ ⠎⠄⠓⠇ ⠅⠍ ⠐⠗⠃⠫⠄⠗⠇ ⠝⠓⠻ ⠛⠄⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠏⠗⠻⠼⠱⠍ ⠡⠅⠅ ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻⠘⠱⠯⠱, ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽⠍⠄ ⠧⠻⠘⠻⠈⠝⠝ ⠧⠻⠮⠱ ⠂ ⠮⠱⠗⠱⠅ ⠛⠞⠻⠧⠻⠮⠻ ⠉⠗⠍ ⠏⠗ ⠓⠇⠜⠞⠇ ⠝⠄⠏⠱⠇⠻ ⠎⠊⠎⠱⠗ ⠞⠱⠓⠻⠎⠊ ⠐⠗⠝⠘⠻⠈⠚⠒ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠂ ⠎⠍⠅⠱⠇⠻⠝ ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽ ⠽⠱⠈⠞⠗⠱⠅ ⠔⠏⠇⠈⠧⠮⠻ ⠐⠗⠏⠝⠄ ⠮⠗⠻ ⠎⠻⠍⠻⠞ ⠘’ ⠅’ ⠗⠓⠻ ⠛⠄⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲
⠞⠓⠻⠝⠱ ⠎⠊⠉⠱⠗⠈⠅⠯⠄⠈⠞⠗ ⠳⠞⠄⠅ ⠂⠛⠱⠊ ⠃⠿⠻ ⠛⠄⠇ ⠐⠗⠡⠻, ⠍⠂⠙⠱ ⠳⠓⠻ ⠈⠅⠯⠄⠈⠞⠗⠍⠄ ⠐⠗⠏⠝ ⠽⠇⠈⠛⠽⠞⠱, ⠈⠅⠯⠍⠞⠱ ⠈⠏⠗⠙⠈⠗⠩⠻⠞ ⠅’ ⠎⠅⠃⠱⠅ ⠐⠗⠧⠎⠗ ⠅⠇⠝⠇ ‘⠈⠚⠒⠱⠝⠻’ ⠍⠮⠄⠩⠻ ⠏⠱⠃⠻ ⠝⠓⠻ ⠗⠓⠇⠱⠓ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠊ ⠈⠧⠽⠈⠅⠞⠻⠅ ⠍⠱⠈⠞⠗⠄ ⠝⠓⠻ ⠗⠱⠈⠯⠈⠾⠗⠅⠄⠊ ⠈⠅⠯⠞⠻ ⠎⠄⠓⠇ ⠘’ ⠗⠓⠇⠅⠅ ⠐⠗⠡⠻ ⠲ ⠂ ⠞⠳“ ⠗⠱⠈⠯⠈⠾⠗⠻⠽⠞⠱⠅ ⠎⠃⠈⠞⠗ ⠅⠓⠻⠽⠇⠅⠱⠇ ⠿⠻⠇ ⠏⠫⠅⠞ ⠧⠃⠴⠻ ⠏⠫⠅⠞ ⠡⠅⠅ ⠲ ⠂⠃⠇ ⠎⠍⠱⠧⠄⠩⠻ ⠝⠓⠻ ⠞ ⠖⠄⠗ ⠅⠓⠻⠽⠱ !!!
1
Neelima Chaudhary said...
bhramar jik article bad nik,
madhesh ker janatak, mithilanchalak uttaree bhagak lokak samasya aa samadhan par tathya parak lekh
Reply05/04/2009 at 10:30 PM
⠅⠹⠱
⠎⠂⠘⠱⠯⠉⠈⠝⠈⠙⠗ ⠽⠱⠙⠧-⠙⠍⠈⠯⠾⠻
⠉⠻⠈⠞⠗ ⠈⠩⠗⠻ ⠎⠂⠘⠱⠯⠉⠈⠝⠈⠙⠗ ⠽⠱⠙⠧ ⠡⠱⠽⠱⠅⠱⠗: ⠈⠩⠗⠻ ⠎⠱⠅⠄⠞⠱⠝⠈⠝⠙
⠎⠂⠘⠱⠯ ⠉⠈⠝⠈⠙⠗ ⠽⠱⠙⠧, ⠅⠹⠱⠅⠱⠗, ⠎⠍⠻⠈⠅⠯⠅ ⠳⠧⠊ ⠐⠗⠝⠂⠧⠱⠙⠅, ⠚⠈⠝⠍ ०५ ⠍⠱⠈⠗⠉ १९४८, ⠍⠱⠞⠍⠅ ⠙⠻⠧⠱⠝⠛⠊⠚, ⠎⠂⠏⠉⠇⠍⠄⠲ ⠏⠅⠞⠍⠅ ⠈⠎⠹⠱⠝: ⠃⠇⠃⠱-⠍⠄⠝⠱⠓⠻, ⠎⠂⠏⠉⠇⠲ ⠂⠗⠈⠍⠘⠻⠅ ⠩⠻⠈⠅⠯⠱ ⠙⠻⠧⠱⠝⠛⠊⠚ ⠳⠧⠊ ⠎⠂⠏⠉⠇⠍⠄⠲ ⠏⠾⠝⠱ ⠅⠱⠇⠄⠚, ⠏⠾⠝⠱⠎⠌ ⠃⠻.⠳.⠲ ⠚⠧⠱⠓⠗⠇⠱⠇ ⠝⠄⠓⠗⠃ ⠧⠻⠈⠩⠧⠧⠻⠈⠙⠽⠱⠇⠽, ⠝⠊ ⠙⠻⠈⠇⠇⠻⠎⠌ ⠓⠻⠈⠝⠙⠻⠍⠄ ⠳⠍.⠳. ⠞⠹⠱ ⠏⠻.⠳⠓.⠫⠻.⠲ १९८२ ⠎⠌ ⠐⠗⠈⠮⠽⠱⠏⠝⠲ ⠎⠈⠍⠈⠏⠗⠞⠻: ⠐⠗⠈⠮⠽⠈⠅⠯, ⠈⠎⠝⠱⠞⠅⠇⠈⠞⠞⠗ ⠓⠻⠈⠝⠙⠻ ⠧⠻⠘⠱⠛, ⠘⠃⠏⠄⠈⠝⠈⠙⠗ ⠝⠱⠗⠱⠽⠼ ⠍⠊⠫⠇ ⠧⠻⠈⠩⠧⠧⠻⠈⠙⠽⠱⠇⠽, ⠏⠈⠩⠉⠻⠍⠻ ⠏⠗⠻⠎⠗, ⠎⠓⠗⠎⠱, ⠃⠻⠓⠱⠗⠲ ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻, ⠓⠻⠈⠝⠙⠻, ⠃⠊⠛⠇⠱, ⠎⠊⠈⠎⠅⠍⠞, ⠔⠈⠗⠙⠃, ⠐⠗⠊⠈⠛⠗⠄⠚⠻, ⠈⠎⠏⠄⠝⠻⠩ ⠳⠧⠊ ⠈⠖⠗⠄⠊⠉ ⠘⠱⠯⠱⠅ ⠈⠚⠒⠱⠝⠲
⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝: ⠣⠗⠙⠄⠨⠻⠽⠱ (⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻ ⠅⠹⠱-⠎⠊⠈⠛⠗⠓), ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻ ⠐⠗⠅⠱⠙⠍⠻, ⠏⠾⠝⠱, १९८३, ⠓⠱⠇⠻ (⠐⠗⠊⠈⠛⠗⠄⠚⠻⠎⠌ ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻ ⠐⠗⠝⠂⠧⠱⠙), ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽ ⠐⠗⠅⠱⠙⠍⠻, ⠝⠊ ⠙⠻⠈⠇⠇⠻, १९८८, ⠃⠻⠡⠇ ⠅⠹⠱ (⠓⠗⠻⠍⠇⠓⠝ ⠴⠱⠅ ⠅⠹⠱⠅ ⠉⠽⠝ ⠳⠧⠊ ⠘⠃⠍⠻⠅⠱), ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽ ⠐⠗⠅⠱⠙⠍⠻, ⠝⠊ ⠙⠻⠈⠇⠇⠻, १९९९, ⠃⠻⠓⠱⠫⠻ ⠂⠔ (⠃⠊⠛⠇⠱ ⠎⠌ ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻ ⠐⠗⠝⠂⠧⠱⠙), ⠅⠻⠎⠂⠝ ⠎⠊⠅⠈⠇⠏ ⠇⠇⠅, ⠎⠂⠏⠉⠇, १९९५, ⠘⠱⠗⠞-⠧⠻⠘⠱⠚⠝ ⠕⠗ ⠓⠻⠈⠝⠙⠻ ⠔⠏⠈⠝⠽⠱⠎ (⠓⠻⠈⠝⠙⠻ ⠂⠇⠇⠉⠝⠱), ⠃⠻⠓⠱⠗ ⠗⠱⠈⠯⠈⠾⠗⠘⠱⠯⠱ ⠏⠗⠻⠯⠈⠙, ⠏⠾⠝⠱, २००१, ⠗⠱⠚⠅⠍⠇ ⠉⠉⠮⠗⠻ ⠅⠱ ⠎⠖⠗ (⠓⠻⠈⠝⠙⠻ ⠚⠻⠧⠝⠻) ⠎⠱⠗⠱⠊⠩ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠝, ⠝⠊ ⠙⠻⠈⠇⠇⠻, २००१, ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻⠍⠄ ⠅⠗⠻⠃ ⠎⠈⠞⠞⠗⠻ ⠾⠱ ⠅⠹⠱, ⠞⠻⠎ ⠾⠱ ⠎⠍⠻⠈⠅⠯⠱ ⠂ ⠓⠻⠈⠝⠙⠻, ⠃⠊⠛⠇⠱ ⠞⠹⠱ ⠐⠗⠊⠈⠛⠗⠄⠚⠻ ⠍⠄ ⠐⠗⠝⠄⠅ ⠐⠗⠝⠂⠧⠱⠙ ⠈⠏⠗⠅⠱⠩⠻⠞⠲
⠘⠃⠞⠏⠃⠈⠗⠧ ⠎⠙⠈⠎⠽: ⠎⠱⠓⠻⠈⠞⠽ ⠐⠗⠅⠱⠙⠍⠻ ⠏⠗⠱⠍⠈⠗⠩ ⠍⠊⠫⠇, ⠍⠅⠹⠻⠇⠻ ⠐⠗⠅⠱⠙⠍⠻ ⠅⠱⠈⠗⠽-⠎⠍⠻⠞⠻, ⠃⠻⠓⠱⠗ ⠎⠗⠅⠱⠗⠅ ⠎⠱⠊⠈⠎⠅⠍⠞⠻⠅ ⠝⠻⠞⠻-⠝⠻⠈⠗⠮⠱⠗⠼ ⠎⠍⠻⠞⠻⠲
No comments:
Post a Comment